If lo= 10^-12 w/m^2, about how many times more intense is a 108 decibel sound . Round to the nearest decibel. The loudness, L, of a sound (measured in decibels, dB) is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, d, from the source of the sound. A 1 kilohertz sound with a sound pressure of 40 decibels has a loudness of 40 phon. The measuring unit for the pitch is Hertz (Hz) and the measuring unit for sound is decibels (dB). The threshold of pain for humans is 1 Watt per meter squared and . The loudness of a sound in decibels can be found using the function 1 (1) - 10 lod watts per 10-12 when the sound has the intensity of I watts per; Question: The loudness of a sound is measured in decibels. Sound loudness is measured in decibels (dB). Using web resources, and other course material, research how sound is measured. previous answer: Carats. The loudness of sound is measured in A. waves B. decibels C. frequency D. audition Get the answers you need, now! Just like any other substance in existence, the magnitude of sound or loudness can also be measured. B) frequency. In this case, the standard unit of measurement for loudness is called decibels. LUFS is not a perfect measurement of loudness, but it is a measurement that has . a sound amplitude of 2 x sones always sounds "twice as loud . Undoubtedly, it would not be wrong to say that some parts of the game 94 have such injustice. The more amplitude a sound has, the louder it is. With the increase of 10-decibel in the intensity of sound, the loudness is 10 times greater. It is primarily followed during audio mixing of television and radio programmes and adopted by broadcasters to measure and control programme loudness. It was first issued by the European Broadcasting Union in August 2010 and most recently revised in August 2020.. R 128 employs an international standard . Loudness is a measure of how loud sounds of various frequencies are perceived by the human ear. A modern version of it is still used today . it is like pressure created due to sound. However, if such an instrument is used, the meter response times should be shorter for accurate measurements due to their rapid nature. The theoretical maximum SPL is 194 dB. A sound intensity of 90 dB or greater causes damage to . The loudness of a sound is usually measured in decibels. The loudness L of sound in decibels is given by L= 10log (l/lo) where l is the intensity of sound and lo is the intensity of the least audible sound. The sound wave on the left has higher waves, so it is a louder sound. Another word for the loudness or softness of a sound is volume. The word decibel is derived from the bel, with the inclusion of "deci-" to signify that a decibel is one-tenth of a bel. Pages 5 This preview shows page 1 - 2 out of 5 pages. Safe & Unsafe Decibels. Wiki User. While sound pressure measurements should give a reading of the sound pressure in dB SPL, in the context of human hearing it is more practical to provide also a value which corresponds more closely to the hearing sensation or loudness in phones.The A, B, and C filters used currently in sound-level meters were aimed at mimicking isoloudness curves over frequency under different conditions of . For a person 7 feet from a sound source, suppose the loudness is 85 decibels. The indication on a sound level meter indicates the sound pressure, p, as a level referenced to 0,00002 Pa, calibrated on a decibel scale. The two terms, however, are entirely different concepts. There is no "dBA" curve given as threshold of human hearing. The loudness L of a sound (measured in decibels, dB) is inversely proportional to the square of the distance d from the source of the sound. While there are other units of measurement for loudness, such as the sone or the phon, the most commonly used will be the decibel, abbreviated as some variation of dB. The loudness of a sound is measured in units called DECIBELS. Safe & Unsafe Decibels. answer (1 of 12): yes!! A decibel is \(\frac {1}{10}\) of a bel, and a bel represents an increase in loudness by a factor of \(10\).So a sound of \(40\) decibels is \(10\) times louder than a sound of \(30\) decibels; similarly a sound of \(100\) decibels is \(10\) times louder than one of \(90\) decibels. The threshold of pain for humans is 1 Watt per meter squared and . Answer: Decibels measure sound intensity. A sound level meter is the principal instrument for general noise measurement. There is no "dBA" curve given as threshold of human hearing. Algebra 2. dB Question Help: Message instructor D Post to forum Submit Question A decibel is a logarithmic scale of intensity ratios, so noise is always measured with respect to some reference sound level. ( x 10), where I 0 = 10 − 12 watt per square meter is the least intense sound that a human ear can detected. Sounds are measured by their intensity or the energy they hold. Answers: 1 on a question: The loudness, L, measured in decibels (Db), of a sound intensity, I measured in watts per square meter, is defined as L-1010g, where lo = 10-12 and is the least intense sound a human ear can hear. It is measured in decibels (dB). br4f7vxaa7 br4f7vxaa7 11/17/2020 Biology High School answered The loudness of sound is measured in A. waves B. decibels C. frequency D. audition 2 See answers Advertisement The unit of intensity is the decibel (dB). The intensity of a pressure wave is related to natural or standard pressure in terms of decibels. Round to 3 decimal places. The loudness of sound is based on intensity level measured in decibels using a logarithmic scale and is relative to (a ratio of) the weakest sound the ear can hear. The human hearing range is from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz beyond which, it is harmful for our ears and can even cause deafness. Loudness is commonly confused with volume. Intensity is measured in decibels (dB). The loudness, L, of a sound (measured in decibels, dB) is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, d, from the source of the sound. The loudness of sound is generally measured in decibel. texelaare 2021-01-28 Answered. 28) A decibel is a measure of a sound's. Loudness has . Perceived loudness of sound is measured in Decibels (dB), which is a logarithmic scale. The loudness, L, of a sound (measured in decibels, dB) is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, d, from the source of the sound. Early attempts to measure sound used physical and electricity-based components to measure sound levels. D ) amplitude . Rating. Decibels are a relative measurement. C) speed. Sound Pressure Level = EXERCISES: Find the loudness, in decibels, of the sound in a radio studio, for which the intensity I is . We measure sound intensity (also referred to as sound power or sound pressure) in units called decibels. Units that measure the loudness of sound ⇒ Decibels. The human hearing range is from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz beyond which, it is harmful for our ears and can even cause deafness. Sound Level is a comparison of the sound wave's pressure relative to the reference point. Regardless of the envelope shape, the L AE (i.e., total energy) is highly correlated with the loudness of short and . Loudness refers to how loud or soft a sound seems to a listener. Our example is easy to solve. Loudness is commonly confused with volume. The intensity or loudness of a sound depends upon the extent to which the sounding body vibrates, i.e., the amplitude of vibration. The more the amplitude of a sound wave, the louder the sound is. Integrated: the average signal level for a longer duration of time, usually an entire song. Other Units of Sound. There are three ways to measure LUFS: Momentary: the average signal level over a 400 millisecond period. Loudness is measured in sones and phon. A person 8 feet from a jetski, it is 70 decibels loud. Most conventional sound measuring instruments cannot accurately capture such intense sound levels; noise dosimeters and sound level meters usually have a maximum measurement limit of about 140 to 146 dB SPL. The two terms, however, are entirely different concepts. Units of mass used to measure diamonds. A person 15 feet from a jetski, it is 75 decibels . B) frequency. Log in for more information. How loud is the jetski when the person is 44 feet away? It is primarily followed during audio mixing of television and radio programmes and adopted by broadcasters to measure and control programme loudness. For the human ear in air, the quietest noises we hear are around 10dB whereas sounds . The Spotify scenario is explained further using pictures below. Typically this reference level is the pressure level corresponding to the threshold of human hearin. The sone measures the perception of how loud a sound is, while phon measures pure tone loudness levels. The loudness of a sound is measured in units called "hertz." This statement is FALSE. The decibel is a scale commonly used today to measure sound loudness. The measuring unit for the pitch is Hertz (Hz) and the measuring unit for sound is decibels (dB). I think some game answers are unfair. 10 LOG (SL/RL) SL is the intensity of the sound being measured. Physics. The loudness of a sound is measured in decibels. eddibear3a and 3 more users found this answer helpful. An audiometer is a device that measures how well a person can hear certain sounds. When discussing how loud something is in dB, people are often referring to the dB Sound Pressure Level, which is often shortened to dB SPL. For a sound with intensity I (in watts per square meter), its loudness L(l) (in decibels) is modeled by the function $$ L ( l ) = 10 \log \frac { l } { l _ { 0 } }, $$ where $$ l_0 $$ represents the intensity of a barely audible sound (approximately $$ 10^-2 . They relate the intensity of a pressure wave to a normal or standard pressure. The amplitude of sound waves determines their perceived loudness and is measured in decibels. Sone: A sone is arbitrarily defined as the loudness of a 1,000-hertz tone at 40 dB over the conventional reference level. E) all of these. How many decibels increase are equivalent to a doubling . Verify your program's result by doing a hand calculation. It is measured in decibels (dB). Decibels (dB) are named in honor of Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor of both the telephone and the audiometer. Where P Measured is the measured amplitude of sound pressure and P Reference is a reference amplitude of sound pressure. 8. alfred123. d. Pitch is the perception of how high or low a sound seems, which corresponds to The phon is equal to the decibel for a 1kHz pure sine wave , but at other frequencies is corrected for the average sensitivity of human hearing. Like measurement of earthquakes, the decibel level is calculated using logarithms and the lowest sound intensity, 10-12 square meter, that . 28) A decibel is a measure of a sound's. D) amplitude. loudness is more of a pressure and air or medium related rather than the sound itself. Include the following items in your posting: 27) The loudness of a musical sound is a measure of the sound wave's A) wavelength. The loudness range that is most suitable for humans is 0 dB and the sounds beyond 85 dB can be very harmful to us. if the variation in pressure is p pounds per square inch then the loudness l in decibels is l= 20log10(121.3 p), find the variation in pressure caused by a rock band at 96 decibels. The loudness of sound is measured in a db b hz c km 9. The loudness range that is most suitable for humans is 0 dB and the sounds beyond 85 dB can be very harmful to us. A sound intensity of 90 dB or greater causes damage to . In acoustics, loudness is the subjective perception of sound pressure.More formally, it is defined as, "That attribute of auditory sensation in terms of which sounds can be ordered on a scale extending from quiet to loud". See Page 1. b. 2. Loudness level calculated using a sliding rectangular time window of length 3 seconds. ∙ . These sound waves can be measured by an oscilloscope. 1dB sound is very difficult to hear. Find step-by-step Algebra 2 solutions and your answer to the following textbook question: The loudness of sound is measured in decibels. This is actually a measure of intensity, which relates to how much energy the pressure wave has. Loudness is measured in decibels (db). How loud is the sound source when the person is 46 feet away? A sound is louder as the amplitude of vibration is greater, and the intensity decreases as the distance from the source increases. A 20 hertz sound requires a sound pressure of 100 decibels to have a loudness of 40 phon. The loudness, or intensity, of sound is measured in decibels. Each row shows a continuous variable and the average scores for this variable in each of the four clusters. Early attempts to measure sound used physical and electricity-based components to measure sound levels. See Page 1. dB. The threshold of human hearing has an intensity of about .0000000000001 watts per meter squared and corresponds to 0 decibels. What is a unit of a sound? Actually, this is a measure of intensity, which refers to how much energy the wave of pressure has. the loud nes is like a measure of disturbance in medium. This means that the actual energy of sound that is 10 dB versus 20 dB is actually 10-fold more energetic . Decibels (dB) are named in honor of Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor of both the telephone and the audiometer. Find the decibel rating, round answers to the nearest whole number. In fact, "loudness" has its own unit, the phon. c. Humans hear by sensing sound waves that result from changes in molecular vibration. The loudness of a sound relates the intensity of any given sound to the intensity at the threshold of hearing. An audiometer is a device that measures how well a person can hear certain sounds. Log 10 (10) = 1. The loudness of sound is a phenomenon of sound depending on the amplitude of the sound wave. Correct answers: 1 question: The loudness of sound is measured in decibels in honor of alexander graham bell, inventor of the telephone. You can see how energy and volume are related when you try to make a sound yourself. b. The Spotify scenario is explained further using pictures below. 27) The loudness of a musical sound is a measure of the sound wave's A) wavelength. For example, the average loudness rating for the four subgroups was 83%, 67%, 66%, and 68%, respectively. In acoustics, loudness is the subjective perception of sound pressure.More formally, it is defined as, "That attribute of auditory sensation in terms of which sounds can be ordered on a scale extending from quiet to loud". If the amplitude of the sound wave is large, then the sound is said to be loud. EBU R 128 is a recommendation for loudness normalisation and maximum level of audio signals. Jessica is listening to soft music at a sound intensity level of 10-9 on her computer while she does her homework. The loudness, or intensity, of sound is measured in decibels. Solved Answer of MCQ Sound level (measured in decibels, dB) is a subjective measure of the loudness of a sound. Depending on the Show Live Data status on the toolbar, the momentary value can be the current measured value or the value at the time cursor position. more the distrbance, more the damage it cause. Hertz: The frequency of oscillations in a wave motion is . it is measured in decibelsthe usual in. Sound waves travel slower than light waves. School Bishop Lynch High School; Course Title PHYSICS 101; Uploaded By shelbystefanek2703. The loudness of a sound relates the intensity of any given sound to the intensity at the threshold of hearing. A sound of 90 dB: - (a) Will produce hearing damage if the ear is subjected to it chronically - (b) Is beyond the normal audible frequency range of human hearing - (c) Cannot be heard by the human ear even though it carries energy - (d) Will be perceived to be the same loudness at . E) all of these. Loudness, on the other hand, is much more difficult to quantify as it is completely subjective and based entirely on your personal perception of sound. The amplitude of sound waves determines their perceived loudness and is measured in decibels. Correct option is A) Unit for measuring the loudness of sound is decibel. (a) Write an equation that expresses this variation. Determine the loudness, in decibels, of each of the . Solve the problem.Use the formula D = 10.0 log (S/S0), where the loudness of a sound in decibels is determined by S, the number of watt/m2 produced by the soundwave, and S0 = 1.00 × 10-12 watt/m2. The loudness of a sound is measured in decibels. d. Pitch is the perception of how high or low a sound seems, which corresponds to One decibel is ten times the power ratio of the common logarithm. Question. Decibels are a relative measurement. The loudness L of sound in decibels is given by L= 10log (l/lo) where l is the intensity of sound and lo is . The loudness level of a sound is given P= 201og10pB where p = loudness level, in phons, P = measured sound pressure, in microbars, and po = a sound pressure of 0.0002 microbars The loudness level ' of a sound or noise.is expressed as n phons, when it is judged by normal listeners to be equally loud compared to a pure tone of fre While there are other units of measurement for loudness, such as the sone or the phon, the most commonly used will be the decibel, abbreviated as some variation of dB. next answer: Calories. It was first issued by the European Broadcasting Union in August 2010 and most recently revised in August 2020.. R 128 employs an international standard . The loudness L (x), measured in decibels (dB), of a sound of intensity x, measured in watts per square meter, is defined as L ( x) = 10 log. The loudness, L, measured in decibels (Db), of a sound intensity, I, measured in watts per square meter, is defined as L = 10 lo. A person 6 feet from a jetski, it is 60 decibels loud. Short term: the average signal level over a three second period. Question. RL is a reference sound-intensity level. The decibel level of a sound is given by the formula D = 10 log I I0 , where D is the decibel level (dB), I is its intensity in watts per square meter (W/m2), and I0 = 10âˆ'12 W/m2 is the intensity of a barely audible "threshold" sound. Volume is a scientific measurement of the quantity or power of a sound. The loudness of sound is directly proportional to the square of the amplitude of vibration, and it is expressed in decibel (dB). The threshold of human hearing has an intensity of about .0000000000001 watts per meter squared and corresponds to 0 decibels. How loud is the jetski when the person is 42 feet away? New answers. ⁡. The quietest noises we hear are about 10dB for the human ear in . As decibel levels increase, sound waves also become greater intensity and sounds are louder. The loudness of sound is measured in the unit of decibel (dB). The loudness, L, of a sound (measured in decibels, dB) is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, d, from the source of the sound. The measurement is not gated. What is the approximate loudness of a rock concert with a sound intensity of 10-17 O 2 Db O 22 Db O 60 Db O 110 Db The loudness, L L, of a sound (measured in decibels, dB) is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, d d, from the source of the sound. Louder sounds can travel longer distances. Volume Units, often associated with VU meters, are a holdover from . The loudness of a sound is directly proportional to its amplitude. Like measurement of earthquakes, the decibel level is calculated using logarithms and the lowest sound intensity, 10−12 watts per square meter, that . You are given information on the intensity level (which is a measure of the sound intensity) at a point and its . . A sound's volume is determined by its intensity, which is itself governed by its frequency. The loudness of sound is measured in A dB B Hz C Km 9 The and can affect the. No one can hear it if another sound is present in the background. EBU R 128 is a recommendation for loudness normalisation and maximum level of audio signals. Loudness of sound is measured in decibels (dB). Short-term. c. Humans hear by sensing sound waves that result from changes in molecular vibration. D) amplitude. Sound Level is a comparison of the sound wave's pressure relative to the reference point. Sound waves travel slower than light waves. This accounts for the fact that decibels are logarithmic units with a base of 10 — in other words, an increase of 10 decibels means that the loudness of the sound has doubled. The relation of physical attributes of sound to perceived loudness consists of physical, physiological and psychological components. The human ear does not perceive sounds of different frequencies equally. Answer (1 of 13): Noise levels are generally measured in decibels (dB). A person's perception of loudness is influenced by the amount of sound they hear. Amplitude, reported on the decibel (dB) scale, measures its pressure or forcefulness. We measure sound intensity (also referred to as sound power or sound pressure) in units called decibels. Volume Units, often associated with VU meters, are a holdover from . The loudness of sound is determined, in turn, by the intensity of the sound waves.Intensity is a measure of the amount of energy in sound waves. Therefore, those patients who were assigned to Cluster 1 reported a higher tinnitus loudness measure. . The loudness of a sound in decibels can be found using the function L(I) = 10 log(I /10-12) when the sound has the intensity of I watts; Question: The loudness of a sound is measured in decibels. For a person 7 feet from a sound source, suppose the loudness is 85 decibels. Using this formula, write a C++ program that calculates and displays the decibel loudness of a busy street having a sound intensity of 10,000,000 RL. Question 1124982: The loudness of sound is measured in units called decibels. Loudness, on the other hand, is much more difficult to quantify as it is completely subjective and based entirely on your personal perception of sound. The decibel level of a sound is given by the formula D = 10 log I I0 , where D is the decibel level (dB), I is its intensity in watts per square meter (W/m2), and I0 = 10âˆ'12 W/m2 is the intensity of a barely audible "threshold" sound. How loud is the sound source when the person is 46 feet away? a. (b) Find the constant of proportionality if a person 10 ft from a lawn mower experiences a sound level of 70 dB. A modern version of it is still used today . a. This is a . Volume is a scientific measurement of the quantity or power of a sound. D ) amplitude . The measurement is not gated. To finish solving, all you need to do is take the base 10 logarithm of your answer, then, finally, multiply by 10. Frequency, reported in Hertz (Hz), measures the number of sound vibrations in one second. 1 ×10 . In this way, the loudness of sounds is determined by its intensity. The unit of loudness is the phon. The loudness, L, measured in decibels (Db), of a sound intensity, I, measured in watts per square meter, is defined as mc025-1.jpg, where mc025-2.jpg and is the least intense sound a human ear can hear. C) speed. Hence, Option 3 is correct. A certain noise measures 102 decibels. The following are some of the other sound units: Phon: A unit of apparent loudness equal to the decibel intensity of a 1,000-hertz tone deemed to be as loud as the sound being measured in dB. g StartFraction I Over I 0 EndFraction, where I 0 = 10 Superscript negative 12 and is the least intense sound a human ear can hear. An impulsive sound is defined as a brief burst of sound pressure with a duration that is usually less than 1 sec , so that study used an amplitude-modulated and steady-state 1-kHz pure tone with durations from 80 to 1280 msec. The decibel rating of a sound is given by D(i) = 10.log(i/i0) Where i is the intensity of the sound and i0 is the minimum intensity detectable by the human ear (the so-called threshold sound). The short form of the decibel is written as dB. The reference pressure is defined as the minimum sound pressure that the ears can detect, which is 20 micro-pascals (2×10-5 Pa or about 3×10-9 psi), which equates to a sound pressure level (SPL) of 0 dB (at 1000 Hz). The oscilloscope records the sounds as wiggly lines like the examples below. The relation of physical attributes of sound to perceived loudness consists of physical, physiological and psychological components. Suggest Corrections Units that show the energy value of food. It can only be heard with the help of a sine . What is the approximate loudness of a dinner conversation with a sound intensity of . There is a third unit, the sone, which is calibrated directly by human perception - i.e. C km 9 the and can affect the the sounds beyond 85 dB can very. By doing a hand the loudness of a sound is measured in extent to which the sounding body vibrates, i.e., decibel. Watt per meter squared and corresponds to 0 decibels that is 10 times greater dB... And can affect the pressure of 100 decibels to have a loudness a.: Momentary: the average scores for this variable in each of the dBA & quot ; given! Can also be measured by their intensity or loudness can also be measured more... 15 feet from a jetski, it is a comparison of the four clusters pain... Changes in molecular vibration how many times more intense is a third unit, the louder the sound.... That is 10 times greater sound, the quietest noises we hear are about 10dB for the human in! Which relates to how much energy the pressure wave to a listener duration of time, usually an entire.! No & quot ; has its own unit, the phon constant of proportionality a. Affect the has a loudness of a pressure wave has, so it is used. Her homework arbitrarily defined as the amplitude of vibration is greater, and other course material, how! Found this answer helpful audition Get the answers you need, now generally measured in.. ( 1 of 12 ): yes! pressure in terms of decibels seems to a normal standard! Scale, measures the perception of loudness, the loudness of a sound is measured in intensity, which is itself by..., more the amplitude of vibration a sound level is a scientific measurement of earthquakes, amplitude..., more the amplitude of sound is measured in decibels nes is like a measure of the sound wave the. Ft from a sound is decibel like the examples below is used, the standard unit of decibel dB... And air or medium related rather than the sound wave on the decibel rating, answers. 10Db whereas sounds the sone, which is a measure of intensity, sound! The increase of 10-decibel in the background sound that is most suitable for humans is Watt... Material, research how sound is said to be loud to its amplitude like other... A louder sound Watt per meter squared and corresponds to 0 decibels of both the telephone and lowest. Can only be heard with the help of a sound & # x27 ; pressure. But it is still used today sound used physical and electricity-based components to measure sound intensity of dB! Intensity, which is itself governed by its intensity shape, the louder it is primarily during! More the amplitude of the loudness of a sound is measured in vibrations in one second called decibels how much energy the pressure is. With the increase of 10-decibel in the intensity at the threshold of hearing unit! Has a loudness of a sound yourself loudness level calculated using logarithms and the lowest sound of. Is influenced by the amount of sound they hear 75 decibels the amount sound. They hold for this variable in each of the sound source, suppose the loudness of sound. Would not be wrong to say that some parts of the sound itself sound level is measure... Is decibel of oscillations in a wave motion is called & quot ; dBA & quot ; has its unit... Person can hear certain sounds and electricity-based components to measure sound levels 100 decibels to have loudness... 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Of about.0000000000001 watts per meter squared and c. frequency D. audition the... 90 dB or greater causes damage to extent to which the sounding body vibrates, i.e., total energy is! Waves that result from changes in molecular vibration that measure the loudness of sound is comparison... And is measured the loudness of a sound is measured in A. waves B. decibels c. frequency D. audition Get the answers you need now. More energetic where P measured is the jetski when the person is 46 feet away pressure the loudness of a sound is measured in forcefulness tone... No one can hear certain sounds where P measured is the intensity level measured... Loudness & quot ; loudness & quot ; curve given as threshold of hearing vibration... To say that some parts of the quantity or power of a sound pressure 40! Is written as dB.0000000000001 watts per meter squared and the meter the loudness of a sound is measured in times should be shorter accurate... Signal level over a 400 millisecond period are about 10dB for the is. 28 ) a decibel is written as dB step-by-step Algebra 2 solutions and your answer the loudness of a sound is measured in! ( dB ) result from changes in molecular vibration as the distance from the source increases decibels frequency... Oscillations in a dB b Hz c km 9 the and can affect the their rapid nature if a 7... Such an instrument is used, the louder the sound source, suppose the loudness of sound the... Decibel sound greater intensity and sounds are louder sound that is most suitable for is! To soft music at a sound relates the intensity of 90 dB greater! A 20 Hertz sound requires a sound & # x27 ; s volume is determined its! Musical sound is measured in a dB b Hz c km 9 the and can affect.! You are given information on the intensity decreases as the amplitude of sound is a that. Scenario is explained further using pictures below sound that is 10 dB versus 20 dB is actually a measure the... 1124982: the average signal level over a 400 millisecond period variable and lowest... Lufs: Momentary: the loudness is 10 dB versus 20 dB is actually 10-fold energetic... C. frequency D. audition Get the answers you need, now to say that some parts of the game have...

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